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A Time of Scandal

Charles R. Forbes, Warren G. Harding, and the Making of the Veterans Bureau

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1 of 1 copy available

In the early 1920s, with the nation still recovering from World War I, President Warren G. Harding founded a huge new organization to treat disabled veterans: the US Veterans Bureau, now known as the Department of Veterans Affairs. He appointed his friend, decorated veteran Colonel Charles R. Forbes, as founding director. Forbes lasted in the position for only eighteen months before stepping down under a cloud of criticism and suspicion. In 1926—after being convicted of conspiracy to defraud the federal government by rigging government contracts—he was sent to Leavenworth Penitentiary. Although he was known in his day as a drunken womanizer, and as a corrupt, betraying toady of a weak, blind-sided president, the question persists: was Forbes a criminal or a scapegoat?

Historian Rosemary Stevens tells Forbes's story anew, drawing on previously untapped records to reveal his role in America's initial and ongoing commitment to veterans. She explores how Forbes's rise and fall in Washington illuminates President Harding's efforts to bring business efficiency to government. She also examines the Veterans Bureau scandal in the context of class, professionalism, ethics, and etiquette in a rapidly changing world. Most significantly, Stevens proposes a fascinating revisionist view of both Forbes and Harding—and raises questions about not only the validity but the source of their respective reputations. They did not defraud the government of billions of dollars, Stevens convincingly documents, and do not deserve the reputation they have carried for a hundred years.

Packed with vibrant characters—conniving friends, FBI agents, and rival politicians split by sectional and ideological interests as well as gamblers, revelers, and wronged wives— A Time of Scandal will appeal to anyone interested in political gossip, presidential politics, the "Ohio Gang," and the 1920s.

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    • Kirkus

      November 1, 2016
      A reconsideration of one of the most notorious scandals of the Warren Harding presidency.Charles R. Forbes (1877-1952), the first director of the U.S. Veterans Bureau, appears in the popular conception of the early 1920s as "a dashing playboy who embezzled approximately $200 million selling hospital supplies, took kickbacks from contractors, and accepted a $5,000 bribe," part of the "Ohio gang" who purportedly betrayed a naive President Harding. That characterization is rubbish, writes public policy scholar Stevens (Emeritus, History of Sociology and Science/Univ. of Pennsylvania; The Public-Private Health Care State: Essays on the History of American Health Care Policy, 2007, etc.), who sets out to restore Forbes' reputation in this first-ever reassessment of his downfall. Forbes had the unenviable task of combining into the Veterans Bureau personnel from three existing agencies; the resulting turf battles and bruised egos created numerous powerful enemies. He had begun an ambitious program of hospital construction when he resigned shortly before Harding's death in August 1923. Forbes might have faded into obscurity, but he was caught up in the anti-corruption furor driven by the new Calvin Coolidge administration. Further, he ran afoul of Elias Mortimer, a government informant and, according to Stevens, a sociopathic liar who blamed Forbes for alienating his wife's affections and vowed to bring him down. Mortimer's testimony resulted in Forbes' conviction for bribery and conspiracy to commit fraud. The author's extensive research into the arcana of hospital contracting, Congressional hearings regarding the bureau, and Forbes' trial leaves her convinced that he was a victim of political hysteria and personal malice, guilty of none of the crimes and flamboyant excesses of which he stood accused but only of "social inadequacies, managerial failures, and behavioral sins." Her colorful narrative makes a convincing case for Forbes' rehabilitation and, in light of other recent revisionist histories, a full reconsideration of an allegedly corrupt president and administration. An engaging argument for justice for a flawed but perhaps wrongfully disgraced civil servant.

      COPYRIGHT(2016) Kirkus Reviews, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

    • Library Journal

      November 1, 2016

      The Warren G. Harding administration (1921-23), known for its widespread government corruption, receives a more evenhanded assessment from Stevens (emerita, history of sociology & science, Univ. of Pennsylvania; In Sickness and in Wealth) in this persuasive revisionist account of the Veterans Bureau and its flawed yet, according to the author, overly maligned director Charles Forbes. Forbes was given the daunting task of creating a centralized system of hospitals that would treat 30,000 returning World War I vets. While his complex, off-putting character cost him politically, the author claims his worst enemies were Charles Sawyer, the personal physician to Harding; and Elias Mortimer, a scoundrel and government witness whose discredited testimony nevertheless led to Forbes's 1924 federal conviction on conspiracy to commit fraud charges. Stevens concludes that Forbes should be best remembered for creating a Veterans Bureau that is the forerunner of today's agency. VERDICT Despite the use of few primary resources, Stevens offers a richly detailed account that portrays Forbes and Harding more favorably than most previous historians. Although aimed at scholars, general readers will be fascinated by the courtroom scenes and Forbes's rehabilitation during his two-year sentence in Leavenworth Penitentiary.--Karl Helicher, formerly Upper Merion Twp. Lib., King of Prussia, PA

      Copyright 2016 School Library Journal, LLC Used with permission.

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